轉:http://blog.chinaunix.net/space.php?uid=20791382&do=blog&cuid=2163440
| dup 和dup2 都可用来复制一个现存的文件描述符,使两个文件描述符指向同一个file 结构体。如果两个文件描述符指向同一个file 结构体,File Status Flag和读写位置只保存一份在file 结构体中,并且file 结构体的引用计数是2。如果两次open 同一文件得到两个文件描述符,则每个描述符对应一个不同的file 结构体,可以有不同的File Status Flag和读写位置。 | 
        
      有人在网上是这样写的,不知道其确切的出处,不过我也认同这种说法.下面是我自己写的一个测试程序,主要测试了dup2的用法,实现输出的重定向:
| #include <stdio.h>#include<fcntl.h>
 #include<unistd.h>
 
 int
 main (int argc, char **argv)
 {
 int tempfd = -1;
 int tempfd2 = -1;
 
 tempfd = open ("/tmp/dup2", O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0644);
 if (tempfd < 0)
 printf ("open file /tmp/dup2 failed\n");
 
 tempfd2 = open ("/tmp/dup2", O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0644);
 if (tempfd < 0)
 printf ("once open file /tmp/dup2 failed\n");
 
 printf ("tempfd:%d, tempfd2:%d\n", tempfd, tempfd2);
 close (tempfd2);
 
 tempfd2 = dup (1);
 write (tempfd2, "this is tempfd2 file!\n", 22);
 close (tempfd2);
 printf ("tempfd2 closed!\n");
 
 dup2 (tempfd, 1);
 
 printf ("Write this to stdout with printf function!\n");
 fflush (NULL);
 fprintf (stdout, "Write this to stdout using fprintf function!\n");
 
 fflush (NULL);
 close (tempfd);
 
 fprintf (stderr, "Write this to stderr using fprintf function after close the tempfd!\n");
 fflush (NULL);
 fprintf (stdout, "Write this to stdout using fprintf function after close the tempfd!\n");
 fflush (NULL);
 close (1);
 fprintf (stderr, "Write this to stderr using fprintf function after close the 1!\n");
 fflush (NULL);
 fprintf (stdout, "Write this to stdout using fprintf function after close the 1!\n");
 fflush (NULL);
 return 0;
 }
 | 
编译运行:
| $ gcc -o dup2 dup2.c   $ ./dup2  tempfd:3, tempfd2:4  this is tempfd2 file!  tempfd2 closed!  Write this to stderr useing fprintf function after close the tempfd!  Write this to stderr useing fprintf function after close the 1!  $ cat /tmp/dup2  Write this to stdout with printf function!  Write this to stdout useing fprintf function!  Write this to stdout useing fprintf function after close the tempfd! | 
 
 
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